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Gingivitis and Associated Factors Among Children in Boxes Toddlers in Senegal

Received: 29 April 2016     Accepted: 10 May 2016     Published: 26 May 2016
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of gingivitis and the factors associated in boxes toddlers among 3-6 year-old preschool children in 3 regions in Senegal. This was a descriptive and cross sectional study covering 984 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years and attending boxes toddlers in the regions of Dakar (urban area), Saint-Louis (semi-urban and urban areas) and Kaolack (semi-urban and rural areas). They were selected through both a cluster sampling and a stratified sampling and the clusters were drawn at random. These children obtained parental permission to participate in the survey. The socio-demographic data, the gingivitis status and the parental knowledge on oral preventive methods applied to children, were collected. The data was analysed using SPSS Version 19 software with a significance level of 5%. In total 901 children were examined: 299 in Dakar, 302 in Saint-Louis and 300 in Kaolack with respective completeness rate of 93%, 91% and 90%. Girls constituted 56.6% of the sample; children aged six were less represented (10.7%), while children of non-salaried parents constituted 77.3% of the sample. Fourteen percent of the children had an inflamed gingiva. The distribution of gingivitis according to socio-demographic data does not show a significant association. Depending on the region, gingivitis differently distributed (p<0.01). Between Dakar and Saint-Louis (p<0.01) and between Dakar and Kaolack (p<0.02), the differences were significant. However between Saint-Louis and Kaolack, there was not a significant difference (p>0.90). Gingivitis is significantly associated with the frequency of brushing (p=0.03), it is not significantly associated with visiting the dentist (p>0.20). These results suggest the importance of hygiene and perhaps the parent oral health literacy in the prevention of this infection often overlooked because painless most of the time. To avoid damage as noma more prevalent in rural area, health officials may develop integrated community programs against gingivitis in boxes toddlers in Senegal.

Published in Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 4, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjph.20160403.25
Page(s) 259-264
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Gingivitis, Box Toddlers, 3-6 Year-Old Preschool Children, Urban Area, Rural Area, Senegal

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Daouda Cisse, Aida Kanouté, Massamba Diouf, Sylvie Azogui-Levy, Boubacar S. Dankoko, et al. (2016). Gingivitis and Associated Factors Among Children in Boxes Toddlers in Senegal. Science Journal of Public Health, 4(3), 259-264. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20160403.25

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    ACS Style

    Daouda Cisse; Aida Kanouté; Massamba Diouf; Sylvie Azogui-Levy; Boubacar S. Dankoko, et al. Gingivitis and Associated Factors Among Children in Boxes Toddlers in Senegal. Sci. J. Public Health 2016, 4(3), 259-264. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20160403.25

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    AMA Style

    Daouda Cisse, Aida Kanouté, Massamba Diouf, Sylvie Azogui-Levy, Boubacar S. Dankoko, et al. Gingivitis and Associated Factors Among Children in Boxes Toddlers in Senegal. Sci J Public Health. 2016;4(3):259-264. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20160403.25

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjph.20160403.25,
      author = {Daouda Cisse and Aida Kanouté and Massamba Diouf and Sylvie Azogui-Levy and Boubacar S. Dankoko and Astou Mbengue Niang and Mbathio Diop and Cheikh M. Mbacké Lo and Daouda Faye},
      title = {Gingivitis and Associated Factors Among Children in Boxes Toddlers in Senegal},
      journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {4},
      number = {3},
      pages = {259-264},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.20160403.25},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20160403.25},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.20160403.25},
      abstract = {The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of gingivitis and the factors associated in boxes toddlers among 3-6 year-old preschool children in 3 regions in Senegal. This was a descriptive and cross sectional study covering 984 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years and attending boxes toddlers in the regions of Dakar (urban area), Saint-Louis (semi-urban and urban areas) and Kaolack (semi-urban and rural areas). They were selected through both a cluster sampling and a stratified sampling and the clusters were drawn at random. These children obtained parental permission to participate in the survey. The socio-demographic data, the gingivitis status and the parental knowledge on oral preventive methods applied to children, were collected. The data was analysed using SPSS Version 19 software with a significance level of 5%. In total 901 children were examined: 299 in Dakar, 302 in Saint-Louis and 300 in Kaolack with respective completeness rate of 93%, 91% and 90%. Girls constituted 56.6% of the sample; children aged six were less represented (10.7%), while children of non-salaried parents constituted 77.3% of the sample. Fourteen percent of the children had an inflamed gingiva. The distribution of gingivitis according to socio-demographic data does not show a significant association. Depending on the region, gingivitis differently distributed (p0.90). Gingivitis is significantly associated with the frequency of brushing (p=0.03), it is not significantly associated with visiting the dentist (p>0.20). These results suggest the importance of hygiene and perhaps the parent oral health literacy in the prevention of this infection often overlooked because painless most of the time. To avoid damage as noma more prevalent in rural area, health officials may develop integrated community programs against gingivitis in boxes toddlers in Senegal.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Gingivitis and Associated Factors Among Children in Boxes Toddlers in Senegal
    AU  - Daouda Cisse
    AU  - Aida Kanouté
    AU  - Massamba Diouf
    AU  - Sylvie Azogui-Levy
    AU  - Boubacar S. Dankoko
    AU  - Astou Mbengue Niang
    AU  - Mbathio Diop
    AU  - Cheikh M. Mbacké Lo
    AU  - Daouda Faye
    Y1  - 2016/05/26
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20160403.25
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjph.20160403.25
    T2  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JF  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JO  - Science Journal of Public Health
    SP  - 259
    EP  - 264
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-7950
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20160403.25
    AB  - The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of gingivitis and the factors associated in boxes toddlers among 3-6 year-old preschool children in 3 regions in Senegal. This was a descriptive and cross sectional study covering 984 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years and attending boxes toddlers in the regions of Dakar (urban area), Saint-Louis (semi-urban and urban areas) and Kaolack (semi-urban and rural areas). They were selected through both a cluster sampling and a stratified sampling and the clusters were drawn at random. These children obtained parental permission to participate in the survey. The socio-demographic data, the gingivitis status and the parental knowledge on oral preventive methods applied to children, were collected. The data was analysed using SPSS Version 19 software with a significance level of 5%. In total 901 children were examined: 299 in Dakar, 302 in Saint-Louis and 300 in Kaolack with respective completeness rate of 93%, 91% and 90%. Girls constituted 56.6% of the sample; children aged six were less represented (10.7%), while children of non-salaried parents constituted 77.3% of the sample. Fourteen percent of the children had an inflamed gingiva. The distribution of gingivitis according to socio-demographic data does not show a significant association. Depending on the region, gingivitis differently distributed (p0.90). Gingivitis is significantly associated with the frequency of brushing (p=0.03), it is not significantly associated with visiting the dentist (p>0.20). These results suggest the importance of hygiene and perhaps the parent oral health literacy in the prevention of this infection often overlooked because painless most of the time. To avoid damage as noma more prevalent in rural area, health officials may develop integrated community programs against gingivitis in boxes toddlers in Senegal.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Public Health Service, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Public Health Service, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Public Health Service, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Dental Public Health Service, and Educations and Health Practices Laboratory, Paris-Diderot University, University Paris 13, Paris, France

  • Public Health and Preventive Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Free-Lancer, Dakar, Senegal

  • Public Health Service, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Public Health Service, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Public Health Service, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

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